1What is pulmonary embolism?
Pulmonary embolism is a condition where blood vessels in the lungs get blocked by floating blood clots
2What are the symptoms of Pulmonary Embolism?
Sudden difficulty in breathing, chest pain, Fainting, Very low blood pressure, etc
3How to diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism?
Accurate clinical examination, ECG, Echocardiography, and CT Angiography – chest helps in the diagnosis of PE
4How to treat Pulmonary Embolism?
Treatment of PE depends upon its severity. The mainstay of treatment is Anticoagulation drugs and clot-dissolving drugs. Fatal PE needs ventilatory and ICU care.
5How to prevent Pulmonary Embolism?
PE can be prevented by putting an IVC filter
6What is an inferior vena cava filter?
An IVC filter is a specially designed metallic mesh made up of very thin wires. It is placed in the center of the IVC to trap blood clots going to the heart and lungs ( to prevent PE).
- Permanent filters: These filters are left firmly in the IVC
- Temporary or retrievable filters: These filters can be removed from the IVC after a period of time. They may also be left permanently in the IVC depending on the person's condition.
7When do we put IVC filter?
IN those cases of DVT / PE where anticoagulation/ thrombolytic drugs can not be given or these drugs are not effective, IVC filter placement is recommended
8How is IVC filter deployed?
IVC filter placement is an angiographic procedure, performed under local anesthesia in Cath Lab. Through a puncture either in the groin or neck, a catheter containing IVC filter is placed under fluoroscopic control and filter is deployed
9What are the complications of an inferior vena cava filter?
Thrombosis, Perforation, Migration, etc
10What is the duration of hospitalization?
One day
11What is the after care and follow up?
Medications like Anticoagulation drugs and stockings as per advised